On Tuesday, 5 February 2013
Zacharias
Janssen was born in 1580 in the country Windmills, Holland, and died at the age
of 58 years or more precisely in 1638. is a scientist from the Netherlands. The
most famous discovery is the first microscope is used to view objects that are
very small in size and difficult to reach when using the naked eye. Invention
of the microscope is a major influence on the development of science and not a
few great inventions that are beneficial to the world civilization were
evaluated using a microscope.
He realized very
well that in this world there are objects with a smaller size and difficult to
reach with the naked eye. In 1590, along with his father, he succeeded in
creating a microscope by using concave and convex lenses to magnify objects
look very small in size. Adjustment mechanism to focus the microscope was first
created and perfected by Campini, a scientist who comes from Italy, in 1668.
The findings of
the microscope when it encourages other scientists, like Galileo Galilei
(Italy), to make the same tool. Even Galileo dririnya claim as the creator of
the first that has made this tool in 1610.
Galileo
completed the manufacture of microscopes and microscope in 1609 he made the
same named inventors, the Galileo microscope. This type of microscope use
optical lenses, so-called optical microscopes. The microscope is assembled from
the optical lens has a limited ability to increase the size of the object. This
is caused by the diffraction limit of light is determined by the wavelength of
light. Theoretically, the wavelength of light is only up to about 200
nanometers. To that end, the lens-based optical microscope can not observe the
size below 200 nanometers.
After that a
Dutch national named Antony van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) continues to develop
microscopic magnification. Antony Van Leeuwenhoek actually not a professional
researcher or scientist. Profession is actually a 'wine terster' in the city
Delft, The Netherlands. He used a magnifying glass to observe the
fiber-seratpada fabric. But the great curiosity of the universe makes it one of
the inventors of microbiology.
Leewenhoek using
a very simple microscope to observe the river water, rain water, saliva, feces,
and so forth. He is interested in the many small objects that can move are not
visible with the naked eye. He called the move objects with 'animalcule'
according to which the animals are very small. This discovery made him more
enthusiastic in observing objects was to further improve the microscope. This
is done by piling up more of the lens and put it on a silver plate. Finally
Leewenhoek create a microscope that can magnify 250 200-300 times. Leewenhoek
keep detailed results of these observations danmengirimkannya to the British
Royal Society. One of the first on the letter dated 7 September 1674 he
described the presence of very small animals which is now known as protozoa.
Between 1963-1723 he wrote more than 300 letters reporting the results of his
observations. One of them is the form of rods, cocci or spiral which is now
known as bacteria. These findings make the world aware of the existence of a
very small life forms that eventually gave birth to the science of
microbiology.
When In Europe,
the microscope has been known since the 17th century and used to see the
animals kind of microbe. Interestingly, Japanese people love to use it for
observing small insects, and the results of these books contain detailed
descriptions of the on insects.
